Seix Investment Advisors Perspective | Writtten by James F. Keegan & Perry Troisi
FIRST QUARTER 2016
REVIEW OF
FIRST QUARTER 2016
ABOUT THE BOUTIQUE
SEIX INVESTMENT ADVISORS LLC
Seix Investment Advisors LLC (Seix) is a
fundamental, credit-driven fixed income
boutique specializing in both investment grade
bond and high yield bond/leveraged loan
management. Seix has applied its bottom-up,
research-oriented approach to fixed income
management for more than 20 years. The firm’s
success can be attributed to a deep and talented
group of veteran investment professionals,
a clearly defined investment approach and a
performance-oriented culture that is focused
on delivering superior, risk-adjusted investment
performance for our clients.
JAMES F.
KEEGAN
Chairman and
Chief Investment Officer
A TALE OF TWO MARKETS—NOTHING AS IT SEEMS
A long list of superlatives just doesn’t suffice when trying to describe the performance of financial risk
assets in the first quarter of 2016. In reality, the quarter was essentially two very distinct and separate
periods. Sentiment and performance over the first six weeks were abysmal and can best be described
in terms similar to that popular 1980’s REM song, “It’s The End Of The World As We Know It” but absent
any “and I feel fine” sentiment.
By March, however, risk markets in general were again “feeling fine” as
a massive risk reversal took place in mid-February. The fury of the sell-off and the fury of the recovery
are hard to delineate in a way that resonates. The most popular reference, thanks to CNBC, is that
the Dow Jones Industrial Average experienced its greatest intra-quarter reversal since 1933.
Not
limited to stocks, reversals were witnessed across the risk spectrum, in both high grade and high yield
corporate bonds, in commodities and in currencies. Apparently, the monetary policy divergence that
permeated the landscape coming into the new calendar year was too much for the markets to handle.
The prospect of additional tightening from the Federal Reserve Bank (Fed) amidst additional easing
measures from the Bank of Japan (BOJ) and the European Central Bank (ECB) drove expectations
for additional U.S. dollar strength, imparting a strong downward bias on commodity prices early in the
quarter.
The commodity complex became the driving force for “risk off” as the price of oil and stock
markets across the globe exhibited a strong positive correlation, which consequently imparted a
magnified degree of pain across emerging markets. The China slowdown story, that being a slowdown
greater than that put forth by the Chinese government-sponsored soft landing of 6.5% growth, was
also putting additional pressure on emerging markets (EM), as many EMs are highly dependent on
exporting into China. January total returns were troubling: S&P 500 -4.96%, Barclays High Yield
Bond Index -1.61%, MSCI Emerging Market Stock Index -9.03%, and Barclays Long U.S.
Treasury Index
+5.02%. The negative momentum only gathered steam in early February and Exhibit 1 below depicts
the lows in returns witnessed around the early to middle part of the quarter.
EXHIBIT 1: SELECT RETURNS INTRA-QUARTER
Jim is Chairman and Chief Investment Officer of
Seix. Prior to joining the firm in 2008, Jim was
Head of Investment Grade Corporate & High
Yield Bond Management for American Century
Investments.
Jim’s investment grade team
subadvises several of the RidgeWorth Funds.
He has appeared on CNBC and Bloomberg
television, and has been quoted in a range of
national publications. Jim has more than 30
years of investment management experience.
PERRY TROISI
Senior Portfolio Manager
U.S. Government/Securitized
Perry is a seasoned Senior Portfolio Manager
focused on the government-related and
securitized asset classes and a member of the
Seix Investment Policy Group.
Before joining
Seix in 1999, he was a portfolio manager at
GRE Insurance Group, where he was
responsible for all North American fixed
income assets within the group. Perry has
more than 25 years of experience in the
investment management industry.
*As of 3/31/2016 Source: Barclays, Bloomberg, data pulled 5/3/2016
Past performance is not indicative of future results.
As to not distort the graph too much, a commodity price proxy was excluded from this exhibit; however,
intra-quarter, the return on the front month contract for West Texas Intermediate Crude Oil reached -29.2%
(February 11th) before staging a massive recovery to end the quarter, +3.51%. Call it coincidence, but the
lows for risk assets attained on and around February 11th also coincided with Fed Chair Yellen’s semiannual testimony before congress, where another dose of central bank “dovishness” marked a bottom
and turn for risk assets generically, reaffirming the co-dependency between risk markets and central
bankers.
Risk markets have rallied for seven-plus years on the coat tails of aggressive central banks that
are willing to pour endless and unprecedented liquidity into the market in the name of achieving their
mandate, be it a dual mandate (Fed) or a single inflation mandate (most other global central banks).
. Seix Investment Advisors Boutique Perspective
Page 2
Having begun the process of trying to wean the market off this addiction
last December with its first tightening since 2006, the Fed triggered
another spell of market withdrawal symptoms. Risk markets became
unhinged at the prospect of this policy divergence initiated by the Fed.
However, like every past episode, when faced with declining asset
prices, central bankers blink and acquiesce to the financial markets.
As quickly as the Fed had embarked on a tightening cycle, barely two
months later it was forced to essentially backtrack and give the market a
wink and a nod that it will stand down in the face of such financial market
volatility. The ratification of this backtracking came on March 16th with a
very “dovish” Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) statement and
post-meeting press conference and a refreshed “dot chart” depicting
the median FOMC expectation of four rate hikes in 2016 being reduced
to only two was a notable update. This essentially moved the median
closer to the market’s formal pricing of expected rate hikes, until of
course the market quickly moved to only one tightening.
This market
versus FOMC “dot chart” dynamic has persisted for many years, but a
slow and measured convergence has been achieved via multiple FOMC
capitulations in recent years. For good measure, Chair Yellen delivered
a speech to the Economic Club of New York on March 29th where she
again struck a decidedly “dovish” bent with regard to future monetary
policy shifts. Fed funds futures at year-end saw a 51% chance of a rate
hike in March and 75% likelihood
by June; however, as the quarter
Despite the revival in risk assets
came to a close, the likelihood of
over the second half of the
a hike exceeding 50% had been
quarter, the rally in Treasuries
pushed out to December (54%).
largely held through the end
Ignoring the volatility and biof March.
polar behavior of risk assets in
the first quarter, Exhibit 2 below
summarizes a period of solid total returns and muted excess returns.
Ignore the intra-quarter activity at your own risk.
EXHIBIT 2: RETURNS MASK INTRA-QUARTER VOLATILITY IN Q1
Q1
TOTAL
RETURN
Aggregate
Treasury
Agency
RMBS
ABS
CMBS
Corporate
High Yield
HY – Ba/B
HY – Ba
HY – B
HY – Caa
HY – Ca-D
HY – Loans
S&P 500 Index
Q1
EXCESS
RETURN
1-YEAR
TOTAL
RETURN
1-YEAR
EXCESS
RETURN*
3.03
3.20
2.43
1.98
1.36
3.61
3.97
3.35
3.21
3.86
2.46
3.76
4.68
1.79
1.35
-0.04
n/a
0.23
-0.38
0.16
0.58
0.16
0.77
0.56
1.10
-0.07
1.59
3.33
n/a
n/a
1.96
2.39
0.83
2.43
1.71
2.80
0.92
-3.69
-2.26
0.13
-4.88
-10.60
-52.76
-1.33
1.77
-0.49
n/a
-1.09
0.08
0.46
-0.08
-1.75
-6.14
-4.76
-2.38
-7.37
-12.78
-54.19
n/a
n/a
*As of 3/31/16
Sources: Barclays, Bloomberg, data pulled 4/4/16
Past performance is not indicative of future results.
Despite the revival in risk assets over the second half of the quarter,
the rally in Treasuries largely held through the end of March.
The
yield curve saw a move to lower yields with the five-year and 10-year
Treasury note yields outperforming and falling by 56 and 50 basis
points, respectively. For perspective, the 10-year Treasury reached its
intra-quarter low yield on February 11th (as risk assets were bottoming)
at 1.66%. Despite the massive recovery in risk asset performance the
10-year Treasury still ended the quarter at 1.77%, a relatively muted
retracement amidst the greatest intra-quarter rebound in the Dow Jones
Industrial Average since 1933.
Not part of the above exhibit, but worth
mentioning, is that the aforementioned Barclays Long U.S. Treasury
Index that was up 5% in January ultimately recorded 8.15% in total return
for the quarter. In a similar vein, gold also benefited in the first quarter
as the adoption of more extreme monetary policy fuels the belief of
many that central banks are out of effective ammunition, impotent and
losing credibility.
Gold is viewed by many as an alternative currency/
store of value that performs well in volatile environments like the first
quarter. The shiny yellow metal advanced 16.1% while the ECB and
BOJ continued to do even more (of the same) extreme unconventional
policy while expecting a different outcome (higher growth and inflation).
As for the underperformance in excess return terms for the residential
mortgage-backed market (RMBS), the rally in Treasuries led to fears
of a pickup in prepayments, leaving the sector unable to keep pace
given the tightness in spreads (compliments of the Fed). The sector has
benefited tremendously from the Fed’s price insensitive support for a
long time, but during the first quarter the sector’s negative convexity still
overwhelmed the influence of this massive non-economic buyer.
HELICOPTER MONEY THE NEXT EXPERIMENT?
In our last Perspective, we took the time to review some of the surreal
market conditions that persist long after the financial crisis, due in large
part to central bank experiments that continue to distort and deform
conventional market relationships and long standing financial metrics.
Negative interest rates (NIRP) were a particular focus as Japan joined
the ranks of developed market economies engaged in such absurd
policy.
While the results from negative rates, or lack thereof, should
speak for themselves, moves to even more negative rates are being
debated. A move further negative was announced by the ECB in March,
and despite the unintended consequence of a stronger Yen following
the BOJ’s implementation of negative rates, talk of moving deeper
into negative territory is pervasive in Japanese policy circles. As has
been the case throughout this cycle, central bankers only respond to
failure with more of the same prescription.
Good thing the doctors of
economics are not subject to malpractice suits like medical doctors, as
there would be malpractice class action suits filtering through the court
system on a daily basis.
While negative rates have never been used until recently in this cycle, it
appears from the limited history that NIRP is not very effective (stimulating
growth, raising inflation and weakening the currency) in achieving the
objectives of the ECB and BOJ. Given this recent experience, the Fed
has likely downgraded negative interest rates as a policy tool for now. In
doing so, the concept of “Helicopter Money” is rising to the surface as
potentially the next unconventional policy tool that will be contemplated
in the U.S.
“Helicopter Money” is a topic we’ve mentioned briefly before,
and in our Q3 2015 Perspective, we provided a link to a 2002 speech
given by former Fed Chair Ben Bernanke that reintroduced the concept
to the monetary policy community, thereby earning himself the nickname
“Helicopter Ben.” The modern day concept dates back to 1969 and its
original proponent was Milton Friedman, who discussed it in a set of
essays entitled “The Optimum Quantity of Money.”
. Seix Investment Advisors Boutique Perspective
No, a summary of Professor Friedman’s paper is NOT forthcoming, nor
is one regarding Bernanke’s modern day invocation of the concept.
In short, “Helicopter Money” according to Wikipedia is a central bank
making direct transfers to the private sector financed with base money,
without the direct involvement of fiscal authorities. Similar to the financing
used by the Fed to conduct its quantitative easing (QE) efforts, essentially
a “printing press” or more succinctly electronic credits directly into
reserve accounts of banks is what “finances” these efforts. The nuanced
difference between QE and “Helicopter Money” is that the banking
system that serves as the transmission mechanism for QE is bypassed
such that money, created out of thin air, is distributed to people directly
with the hope that consumption soon follows. Given the lack of efficacy of
prior QE exercises, which largely produced only asset inflation without a
corresponding wealth effect that generates consumption, the helicopter
operation seemingly solves the transmission mechanism problem.
With
money put directly in the hands of consumers, they are likely to do what
the Fed wants them to do, namely consume.
We find it very interesting that there is not universal acceptance of
the idea of “Helicopter Money” even within the confines of the central
banking community. Consider first that the ECB’s President, Mario Draghi,
has called it a “very interesting concept” while the Bank of England’s
Governor, Mark Carney, compared it to “a compound ponzi scheme.”
Carney went on to explain:
“I am not a believer in helicopter money. In effect, a central bank
cancels debt that is purchased (from government), it puts a hole
in its balance sheet.
Government never has to recapitalize the
bank. We create a fundamental problem with reserves on which
we have to pay interest, which is not a problem when rates are
low, but becomes one when we take away stimulus. We do not
have an asset on the other side, you end up with a compounded
Ponzi scheme.”
We have become accustomed to central bankers speaking from the
same sales and marketing pitch regarding significant shifts in policy like
this, but the apparent disagreement over “Helicopter Money” perhaps
speaks to the varying degree of frustration and outright distress that is
unique to each central bank’s circumstances.
The domestic conversation around “Helicopter Money” seems like just
another effort in the campaign to put “Humpty Dumpty” back together
again by trying to reinvigorate the
consumption based growth model
The recent deleveraging
that we so eagerly embraced
has paused but it still has a
leading up to the global financial
considerable way to go and most
crisis.
Much to the chagrin of
policymakers, the American
consumers have come to realize
consumer has proven a bit more
they have inadequate savings for
complicated than their economic
retirement.
models forecasted in the post
Great Recession era. While the
early years of the recovery were decidedly a deleveraging cycle, the
prevalence of absurdly low interest rates have at best put a brake on
the deleveraging, but broadly speaking, the borrow-and-spend mentality
has not taken hold again due to demographics and still high debt levels
in our view. In fact, a modestly higher savings rate is often referenced
in market commentaries as an unnecessary drag on the recovery,
and this is with a savings rate in the low- to mid-5% range.
Remember,
savings used to be much higher, as in the 6.7% average rate witnessed
during the 1990s or the 9+% average rate back in the 1980s. The recent
deleveraging has paused but it still has a considerable way to go, and
Page 3
most consumers have come to realize they have inadequate savings for
retirement. As such, the savings rate is likely to continue to rise, creating
a more permanent headwind to the consumption based economic model
that policymakers are still banking on for growth.
As the balance sheet
repair process continues, we can look forward to our economy having a
larger savings pool to deploy in more useful and beneficial investment
opportunities thereby leading to a more desirable and sustainable
virtuous circle of investment-led economic gains. This more balanced
economic model can foster employment and income gains for many, all
while offering an attractive investment return that rewards savers instead
of punishing them with seven-plus years of a zero or near zero interestrate policy regime. This investment-led economic model is also built on
a sturdier foundation than the debt financed consumption model that
brought the economy to the brink in 2008.
Given this backdrop, it is just as likely that even “Helicopter Money” will
just be saved rather than spent.
Policymakers are aware of this potential
outcome and various “fixes” are under consideration, like spending
credits that have an expiration date, such that if they are not used (spent),
they expire worthless. As crazy as it sounds, this is being debated
seriously in economic policy circles around the world. With the American
economy far less sick than either the Japanese or European economies,
these potential experiments are
likely to take place overseas
first.
Japan is probably on the
It is just as likely that even
brink of introducing some form of
“Helicopter Money” in the near
“Helicopter Money” will just be
future, as it has embarked on
saved rather than spent.
QE in a magnitude greater than
anywhere else, with little success
to show for it. Given that the BOJ’s
most recent effort (NIRP) has failed so dramatically with the Japanese
Yen actually strengthening despite the egregious monetary easing being
employed, the path to some “Helicopter Money”-like strategy seems all
but certain since “Abenomics” has been a failure thus far. Desperation is
the operative word in our view, but sadly, it’s hard to envision any halt to
this madness, especially from the BOJ.
In Europe, the ECB is not as far along as the BOJ and hence ECB
officials proclaim that no serious discussion of “Helicopter Money”
has taken place at the Governing Council level.
Despite these rather
dubious denials, we remain of the opinion that the planning phase is well
underway in Europe as well. Clearly there are many differing opinions on
the legality of such radical policy and whether central banks can engage
in such unchecked money creation. Domestically, when such money
creation was used to help finance deficits, which is essentially what
QE did while the Fed bought all those trillions of Treasuries, it enabled
Washington to continue to engage in its own irresponsible borrow-andspend binge that has led to a doubling of our national debt to over $19
trillion.
Hence, there was no challenge from Congress or the Executive
Branch. What Washington might do when faced with a “Helicopter”
strategy remains a wildcard, but given the greater codependency of
monetary and fiscal policy in both Europe and Japan, the likelihood that
such a policy overseas would be challenged seems low. Sadly, even the
hard money adherents at the Bundesbank will likely be silenced by the
ECB, Mario Draghi and the political elite that have dictated the terms of all
policy responses within the Eurozone since the crisis rolled into Europe.
.
Seix Investment Advisors Boutique Perspective
WHAT MATTERS NOW
The macro issues that will continue to impact risk appetites and central
bank policy going forward include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Global financial and economic developments
China growth, credit/lending
Divergent central bank policy
Italy’s banking sector concerns
Greece’s ongoing bailout
Excess global supply/capacity
Excessive debt/leverage levels
Aging global demographics
Weak productivity growth
Currency policies (wars)
It appears with perfect hindsight that global policymakers reversed policy
course during the first quarter as equities, credit assets, commodities and
currencies all came under pressure following the Fed’s first rate hike in
December. In our view, China will continue to dictate global growth trends
and commodity prices, while Fed policy will drive the Dollar and dictate
major currency trends.
Despite claims of rebalancing its economy, China engaged in oldfashioned credit expansion on a grand scale in the first quarter. Credit
expanded at an unsustainable 40% annualized rate relative to gross
domestic product (GDP), offering stimulus to the economy to dispel the
talk of any hard landing. Assuming that the government restrains credit
growth going forward now that the market perceives more stabilized
conditions in China, the implications of less credit are slower growth for
China as well as the emerging markets that are so dependent on the
Chinese economy.
Commodity prices will likely stop
increasing and will be vulnerable
to decline as the largest consumer
will opt for a continued gradual
of commodities buys less as
depreciation of its currency, a
it resumes a rebalancing of
its economy toward domestic
sub-optimal outcome as capital
consumption and services.
The
flight risk increases as long as the
Chinese Yuan will be prone to
currency remains overvalued.
weaken as the economy weakens,
and capital outflows could
accelerate as a result. A major devaluation would reduce this capital flight
risk, but at the risk of more currency wars, as Asian trading competitors
respond in kind. From a global risk management perspective, we are
assuming that China will opt for a continued gradual depreciation of its
currency, a sub-optimal outcome as capital flight risk increases as long as
the currency remains overvalued.
We are assuming that China
The other major macro factor will be Fed policy, particularly as the
BOJ and the ECB continue to go further down the rabbit hole of
unconventional, experimental policy.
Should the Fed opt to resume
its tightening campaign, the markets will have to again grapple with
policy divergence and tighter financial conditions that presented such a
challenge in the beginning of the year. With a stronger Dollar leading the
way, the commodity complex will be under immense pressure; potentially
compounding weak conditions already alluded to as a result of slower
China growth. The pressure will quickly carry over to the emerging
markets and risk assets in general, spawning the very same spillover
policy makers confronted before back pedaling in February.
It is for this
reason that the Fed may have to remain on hold in our view, as it has
become subservient to the financial markets, and as such it is too risky for
the Fed to follow through with another hike. As long as the markets price
out any definitive rate hikes, the Fed will be less likely to raise rates due
Page 4
to the negative reaction function of the financial markets. At some point,
the Fed will have to risk the wrath of the markets if it wants to take back
control of monetary policy.
Unfortunately, given the age of the economic
cycle, the weak state of global growth and an unwillingness to allow asset
markets to clear absent intervention, it is difficult to forecast anything
but a repeat of what we witnessed in the first quarter. This illustrates the
major dilemma the Fed now faces, constrained by a policy box of its own
creation, incapable of following through on a tightening cycle that is years
too late.
OUTLOOK & PORTFOLIO POSITIONING
Portfolio sector weightings were little changed in the first quarter with
exposure to the primary spread sectors (RMBS and corporate bonds)
still very close to their respective index weightings. Amidst the volatility
in the corporate bond market
during the quarter, we took the
The first quarter was certainly
opportunity to increase the beta of
the portfolio by adding exposure
weak again this year, but
to particular energy credits that
an exceptionally mild winter
have the financial wherewithal
this year is challenging that
to survive this cycle even if oil
prices remain under pressure.
This
conventional excuse, and a
shift has already paid dividends
second quarter rebound similar
in March and April as the risk
asset recovery accompanied by
to last year (GDP of 3.7%) is
a rebounding and more stable oil
difficult to envision at this point.
price backdrop allowed the Energy
sector to outperform. While overall
market valuations were little changed from year-end (2015) to quarterend (3/31/16), the broader fundamental backdrop has weakened and the
business cycle further extended. The narrative seems to change often,
wandering back and forth between concern for domestic conditions
and fear of a global slowdown.
As quickly as the China slowdown story
gains traction, massive credit creation produces a “sugar high”-like
rebound that assuages such fears in the short run. Domestically, we
have become accustomed to weak economic performance in the first
quarter, with adverse winter weather the typical excuse. The first quarter
was certainly weak again this year, but an exceptionally mild winter this
year is challenging that conventional excuse, and a second quarter
rebound similar to last year (GDP of 3.7%) is difficult to envision at this
point.
As such, we remain cautious and will be patient before deploying
any additional capital in the corporate bond sector, absent a real catalyst
or valuations that offer an upside surprise. Within the corporate sector,
valuations are most compelling in Transportation, Cyclicals (Autos) and
Energy while Electric Utilities, Consumer Non-Cyclical and Insurance offer
the least value.
The securitized sectors (residential, commercial and asset-backed)
experienced another mixed performance in the first quarter as the
commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) and asset-backed
securities (ABS) sectors both outperformed, while the RMBS sector
underperformed. Given the Treasury rally to lower yields, prepayment
fears clearly dominated the RMBS sector such that it was unable to keep
pace with Treasuries.
Lower supply amidst the volatility of the first half
of the quarter provided a solid technical backdrop to both the CMBS
and ABS sectors, thus offering support to these generally higher quality
spread sectors. Given that our residential mortgage strategy utilizes
exposure to Agency CMBS risk held in lieu of current coupon passthrough holdings, our overall performance was not hurt by the RMBS
underperformance. We remain modestly overweight in private CMBS and
ABS, a continuation of our safe income at a reasonable price strategy in
.
Seix Investment Advisors Boutique Perspective
the short-to-intermediate parts of the yield curve. A Government-Related
sector underweight persists as the spread offered on a significant portion
of this sector fails to compensate for the underlying risk.
Our core plus portfolios remain
void of any strategic noninvestment grade exposure.
one tightening for 2016, we would
Given the large sell-off and
not be surprised if the FOMC
corresponding rebound in high
paused for the full year.
yield over the first quarter, an
opportunity to add alpha for our
core-plus clients was missed. The violent shift of capital into and out
of the sector promises to keep returns fairly volatile, and given the
less-than-constructive economic backdrop and a credit cycle which has
peaked and rolled over, we remain content with keeping our exposure in
the short run limited to selective fallen angel and tactical crossover risk
that are specific credit stories, rather than a strategic bet on the broader
high yield market. Similar to the investment grade market, valuations
did a complete round trip intra-quarter and as such still fail to offer the
relative value that warrants a higher allocation.
As valuations become
more attractive over time, we will continue to add selectively to our
crossover/credit specific exposure as our first significant add to the high
yield sector since the credit cycle peaked.
While our house view stands at
Page 5
The Fed remains data dependent, but the data that matters most to
the FOMC is financial market data (aka financial conditions) rather the
fundamental economic data. A decidedly “dovish” turn in the first quarter
has seen expectations for the next rate hike get pushed out considerably
such that as of this writing, the odds of any additional rate hikes are
considerably lower than at the start of the year. While our house view
stands at one tightening for 2016, we would not be surprised if the FOMC
paused for the full year.
The central bank policy divergence of early 2016
was too much for the market to bear (pun intended) and any acceleration
of the tightening cycle again would likely elicit a similar reaction and
create market conditions that will force the Fed to stand down once
again. The Fed remains in a box of its own creation, a slave to financial
conditions, both domestically and globally, with little hope that conditions
can materially change such that it will be able to extricate itself absent
considerable volatility. In Fed speak, it’s called “a conundrum of epic
proportions.”
.
Seix Investment Advisors Boutique Perspective
Page 6
Alpha is a measure of performance on a risk-adjusted basis.
Asset-Backed Security (ABS) is a financial security backed by a loan, lease or receivables against assets other than real estate and mortgage-backed securities. For investors, asset-backed
securities are an alternative to investing in corporate debt.
A Basis Point is equal to 0.01%.
Beta is a measure of the volatility, or systematic risk, of a security or a portfolio in comparison to the market as a whole.
Barclays Long U.S. Treasury Index is an unmanaged index that includes all publicly issued U.S. Treasury securities that have a remaining maturity of 10 or more years, are rated investment
grade, and have $250 million or more of outstanding face value.
Barclays High Yield Municipal Bond Index is an unmanaged index considered representative of noninvestment-grade bonds.
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities (CMBS) are a type of mortgage-backed security that is secured by the loan on a commercial property.
A CMBS can provide liquidity to real
estate investors and to commercial lenders.
Convexity is a measure of the curvature in the relationship between bond prices and bond yields that demonstrates how the duration of a bond changes as the interest rate changes.
Coupon is the interest rate stated on a bond when it’s issued.
Dow Jones Industrial Average is a price-weighted index of the 30 largest, most widely held stocks traded on the New York Stock Exchange.
Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is the Federal Reserve Board that determines the direction of monetary policy.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) refers to the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period. GDP per capita is often considered an indicator of a
country’s standard of living.
MSCI Emerging Markets Index is a free float-adjusted market capitalization index that is designed to measure equity market performance in the global emerging markets
Negative Interest Rate Policy (NIRP) is an unconventional monetary policy tool whereby nominal target interest rates are set with a negative value, below the theoretical lower bound of
zero percent.
Quantitative Easing (QE) is an unconventional monetary policy used by some central banks to stimulate their economies when conventional monetary policy has become ineffective.
Residential Mortgage-Backed Security (RMBS) is a type of security whose cash flows come from residential debt such as mortgages, home-equity loans and subprime mortgages. This
is a type of mortgage-backed security that focuses on residential instead of commercial debt.
Standard & Poor’s 500 Index is an unmanaged index of 500 selected common large capitalization stocks (most of which are listed on the New York Stock Exchange) that is often used as
a measure of the U.S.
stock market.
West Texas Intermediate (WTI) is a grade of crude oil used as a benchmark in oil pricing.
Yield Curve is a curve that shows the relationship between yields and maturity dates for a set of similar bonds, usually Treasuries, at any given point in time.
Zero Interest-Rate Policy (ZIRP) is a method of stimulating growth while keeping interest rates close to zero.
Investors cannot invest directly in an index.
This information and general market-related projections are based on information available at the time, are subject to change without notice, are for informational purposes only, are not
intended as individual or specific advice, may not represent the opinions of the entire firm, and may not be relied upon for individual investing purposes. Information provided is general and
educational in nature, provided as general guidance on the subject covered, and is not intended to be authoritative. All information contained herein is believed to be correct, but accuracy
cannot be guaranteed.
This information may coincide or conflict with activities of the portfolio managers. It is not intended to be, and should not be construed as investment, legal, estate
planning, or tax advice. Seix Investment Advisors LLC does not provide legal, estate planning or tax advice.
Investors are advised to consult with their investment professional about their
specific financial needs and goals before making any investment decisions.
All investments involve risk. Debt securities (bonds) offer a relatively stable level of income, although bond prices will fluctuate providing the potential for principal gain or loss. Intermediate
term, higher quality bonds generally offer less risk than longer-term bonds and a lower rate of return.
Generally, a fund’s fixed income securities will decrease in value if interest rates rise
and vice versa. There is no guarantee a specific investment strategy will be successful.
Past performance is not indicative of future results. An investor should consider a fund’s investment objectives, risks, and charges
and expenses carefully before investing or sending money.
This and other important information about the RidgeWorth Funds can
be found in a fund’s prospectus. To obtain a prospectus, please call 1-888-784-3863 or visit www.ridgeworth.com. Please read the
prospectus carefully before investing.
©2016 RidgeWorth Investments.
All rights reserved. RidgeWorth Investments is the trade name for RidgeWorth Capital Management LLC, an
investment adviser registered with the SEC and the adviser to the RidgeWorth Funds. RidgeWorth Funds are distributed by RidgeWorth Distributors
LLC, which is not affiliated with the adviser.
Seix Investment Advisors LLC is a registered investment adviser with the SEC and a member of the
RidgeWorth Capital Management LLC network of investment firms. All third party marks are the property of their respective owners.
RCBP-SA-0316
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